Industry instrumentation : Units and conversion tables for process control - Instrumentación industrial : Unidades y tablas de conversión para el control de procesos

 

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LIQUID GRAVITY TABLES AND WEIGHT FACTORS

Liquid gravity refers to the specific gravity of a liquid, which is a measure of its density relative to the density of water. Water has a specific gravity of 1, and liquids with a specific gravity less than 1 are less dense than water and will float on its surface, while liquids with a specific gravity greater than 1 are more dense than water and will sink.

The specific gravity of a liquid is typically measured using a hydrometer or a density meter. In many industries, such as food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, and oil and gas, measuring the specific gravity of liquids is an important part of quality control and production processes.

For example, in the food and beverage industry, the specific gravity of liquids such as juices and syrups is an important factor in determining the sugar content and overall quality of the product. In the oil and gas industry, the specific gravity of crude oil is an important parameter for determining its quality and for calculating the volume of oil produced.

Knowing the specific gravity of a liquid can also be important in safety and environmental applications. For example, if a liquid with a specific gravity greater than 1 is spilled, it may sink to the bottom of a body of water and contaminate the environment. Conversely, a liquid with a specific gravity less than 1 that is spilled may float on the surface and create a fire hazard.

Table : Liquid lighter than water

 

 

There are several liquids that are lighter than water and will float on its surface. Here are some examples:

  1. Oil: Vegetable oil, motor oil, and many other types of oil are lighter than water and will float on its surface. This property makes oil useful in a wide range of applications, such as cooking, lubrication, and insulation.

  2. Gasoline: Gasoline is also lighter than water and will float on its surface. This property makes gasoline useful as a fuel for cars and other vehicles.

  3. Alcohol: Many types of alcohol, such as ethanol and methanol, are lighter than water and will float on its surface. This property makes alcohol useful in a wide range of applications, including as a solvent, fuel, and disinfectant.

  4. Liquid hydrogen: Liquid hydrogen is much lighter than water and will float on its surface. It is used as a fuel for rockets and in other aerospace applications.

  5. Liquid helium: Liquid helium is also lighter than water and will float on its surface. It is used in cryogenics, superconductivity research, and other applications.

These are just a few examples of liquids that are lighter than water. There are many other liquids with different properties and applications.

NOTE: To compute weight of water In air at 60 F, subtract weight of air at 60 F, 0.010 pounds per gallon or 0.076 pounds per cubic foot.

When weighing water on an equal arm balance using brass weights having a specific gravity of 8.4, add 145 parts per million by weight to compensate for the volume of air displaced by the brass weights.

 

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